Block Search of memory
The Block compare instructions allow for data to be searched for in memory.
The programmer needs to configure the following registers to define the properties of the search:
HL is the source address to search from;
BC is the number of bytes to search.
A is set to the value to search for.
\(\begin{rcases} A-(HL) \\ HL \longleftarrow HL+1 \text{ if } D = 0\\ HL \longleftarrow HL-1 \text{ if } D=1 \\BC \longleftarrow BC-1 \end{rcases} \text{repeat while } \begin{cases} L=1\\A \not = (HL)\\BC \not = 0 \end{cases}\)
| 7 | 6 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | ED |
| 1 | 0 | 1 | L | D | 0 | 0 | 1 |
D 0=Increment, 1=Decrement HL after each iteration.
L If set then if \( BC \not = 0 \) at the end if the instruction then \( PC \longleftarrow PC - 2 \)
so that the instruction is repeated.
If BC=0 at start of a repeatable instruction then 65536 iterations will occur.
The CP* instructions compare memory against the Accumulator
- Calculate difference between
Aand content of memory in(HL)to set/clear Z flag - Decrement
BCby one HLis either incremented (for CPI/CPIR) or decremented (for CPD/CPDR) by one.-
The CPIR and CPDR instructions will loop back to step one if \( A-(HL) \not = 0 \And BC \not = 0 \)
If the value was found them HL will be set to the byte after or before it depending on the direction being used.
Timing
For the non-repeating instructions, they take 16(4,4,3,5) T-States to execute.
For the repeating instructions, they take either 21(4,4,3,5,5) T-States when they loop and 16(4,4,3,5) T-States when terminating.
Also note, that for these instructions the timing is for each iteration, not for the entire run. So if LDIR is run with BC=4 then the number of T-States for the entire operation would take 79(21+21+21+16) T-States.
Flags Affected
| Flags |
| ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| s | Set if result is negative | ||||||||
| z | Set if A = (HL) | ||||||||
| h | Borrow from bit 4, otherwise reset | ||||||||
| p/v | Non-repeating: Set if BC-1 != 0, otherwise reset Repeating: N/A as BC=0 after instruction completes |
Opcode Matrix
| Increment | Decrement | |
|---|---|---|
| Single Search |
CPI
EDA1216 |
CPD
EDA9216 |
| Repeat Search |
CPIR
EDB1221 |
CPDR
EDB9221 |
|
Instruction
Opcode hexSize bytesCycle count
| Memory |